Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder marked by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and impaired functioning lasting at least two weeks. Symptoms may include changes in sleep, appetite, energy, and concentration, and it is treated with therapy, medication, or both.
What is major depressive disorder (MDD)?
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder defined by a persistent low mood or a loss of interest and pleasure that lasts at least two weeks and interferes with daily functioning. It is a clinical diagnosis distinct from ordinary sadness or temporary stress.
Alongside depressed mood, people may experience changes in sleep, appetite, and energy, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness, and in some cases thoughts of self-harm. Treatment commonly involves psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of the two.
Why does major depressive disorder (MDD) matter in healthcare?
MDD is one of the most prevalent and disabling conditions worldwide, affecting work, relationships, and physical health. It frequently coexists with chronic medical illness, which can complicate recovery and increase overall healthcare utilization.
Because depression often goes unrecognized, screening and timely treatment are emphasized across primary care and specialty settings. Coordinating mental health care with the rest of a patient's treatment plan improves outcomes and reduces the broader burden of the disease.
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